In this study, DYNAMIC response of an articulated VEHICLE carrying liquid in a circular cylindrical tank at steady state and transient maneuvers has been investigated. A sixteen degree-of-freedom nonlinear DYNAMIC model of an articulated VEHICLE was initially developed, then it was validated using TRUCKSIM software for standard maneuver. DYNAMIC interaction between the VEHICLE and the liquid is studied using potential function method. In potential function method, the liquid free surface gradient subjected to roll angle and lateral acceleration of the semi-trailer can be determined with assumptions of non-viscous fluid flow and calculation the pressure gradient. The simulation results show the interaction between the VEHICLE DYNAMIC and liquid. Further research shows that roll stability of the articulated VEHICLE carrying liquid is intensely affected by sloshing of the liquid and lower rollover stability limit is observed for this VEHICLE than the same VEHICLE carrying rigid cargo, especially under lane change maneuver.

In this paper, a nonlinear tire model based on the elliptic concept and tire Calspan data has been developed. The effect of cornering force and aligning moment as a function of slip and camber (inclination) angles. Normal load, tire adhesion characteristics and skid number are studied. Furthermore in this model, the rolling resistant effect has been considered. Through this simple tire model, the tire behavior as well as the experimental results is represented.

The directional response and roll stability characteristics of a partly filled tractor semi-trailer VEHICLE, with cylindricaltank, are investigated in various maneuvers. The DYNAMIC interaction of liquid cargo with the tractor semi-trailerVEHICLE is also evaluated by integrating a DYNAMIC slosh model of the partly filled tank with five-degrees-of-freedom ofa tractor semi-trailer tank model. The DYNAMIC fluid slosh within the tank is modeled using three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations, coupled with volume-of-fluid equations and analysed using the FLUENT software. The coupledtank-VEHICLE model is subsequently analysed to determine the roll stability characteristics for different maneuvers. Theresults showed the interaction of fluid slosh with VEHICLE's DYNAMIC. Another findings of this investigation also revealed that the roll stability of a tractor semi-trailer tank carrying liquid was highly affected by fluid sloshing and caused degradation of roll stability in comparison with VEHICLE carrying rigid cargo.

Tracking guidance commands for a time-varying aerospace launch VEHICLE during the atmospheric flight is considered in this paper. Hence, the DYNAMIC terminal sliding mode control law is constructed for this purpose and DYNAMIC sliding mode control is utilized.The terminal sliding manifold causes the DYNAMIC sliding mode to converge asymptotically to zero in finite-time. The actuator and rate gyro DYNAMICs are included in the model of launch VEHICLE. DYNAMIC sliding mode control accommodates unmatched disturbances, while the terminal sliding mode control is used to accelerate the system to reach the DYNAMIC sliding manifold. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed control is demonstrated in the presence of unmatched disturbances and is compared with the DYNAMIC sliding mode.

In the light of the impact of transportation management and logistics on the economy and extending the efficiency in the systems of production, the welltimed supply of materials and products is a momentous prerequisite for economic and environmental extension. In addition, since the optimality usage of communication networks and detecting optimal routes to decrease traffic volume and travel time in the logistics network by discovering optimal routes for VEHICLEs to attain the destination, is an fundamental challenge and a goal in the smart transportation system, hence, in this paper, we accomplish a new model targeted to minimize the costs of customer service for a DYNAMIC transport network in a safe solution in regard to monitor the DYNAMIC production process and achieve the instantaneous information dependent upon the traffic situation of an advanced evolutionary genetic algorithm. Besides, the Logit function is used to obtain probability and assign routes in the model. Eventually, So that to evaluate the proficiency and feasibility of the suggested model, a number of numerical examples accompanied with sensitivity analysis are demonstrated.

Design and 5ynthesis of a nonlinear non-minimum phase supersonic flight VEHICLE longitudinal DYNAMICs control for g commands output tracking are presented. The non-minimum nature of the resulting input/output pair necessitates using a modified switching manifold in sliding mode control theory. DYNAMIC sliding manifold is designed to compensate for unstable internal DYNAMICs of the 5ystem associated with the coupling between the moment generating actuators and the aeroDYNAMIC forces on the flight VEHICLE. The employed method is simple to implement in practical applications and enables the sliding mode control design to exhibit the desired DYNAMIC properties during the entire output-tracking process independent of matched perturbations and accommodates to unmatched perturbations. Results of simulations are presented to demonstrate the performance, robustness, and stability of the considered autopilot.

Appropriate control of the VEHICLE longitudinal DYNAMIC requires accurate and real-time knowledge of the parameters affecting the DYNAMICs of the VEHICLE. The main contribution of this paper is in developing an estimator called short-time linear quadratic form (STLQF) which is a new parameter estimation technique to simultaneously estimate the time-varying parameters that affect on VEHICLE longitudinal DYNAMICs with a low latency. These parameters are the VEHICLE mass, time varying road slope angle and overall aeroDYNAMIC drag coefficient of the VEHICLE in real time. Next, the efficiency of STLQF algorithm is shown by comparing the results of STLQF technique in an experimental test against the recursive least squares (RLS) parameter estimation method. The results of implementing STLQF parameter estimation algorithm, showes the better performance of STLQF estimator compared with RLS algorithm. In the end, the STLQF estimator is simulated in hardware in the loop configuration using an AVR microcontroller in order to rapid prototype of the STLQF method by minimum cost and high accuracy in the least possible time.

Due to the limited resources of fossil fuels and the pollution caused by them, the use of clean fuels seems necessary. In this regard, the development of electric or hybrid VEHICLEs has great importance. In recent years, research areas related to autonomous electric VEHICLEs have attracted the attention of automotive researchers and industrialists. These cars have different categories in terms of capabilities, including intelligent VEHICLE speed control. In this paper, DYNAMIC modeling and longitudinal speed control of a level-one autonomous electric VEHICLE using GT-SUITE and MATLAB are investigated. Also, the model created in GT-SUITE software is validated with the help of data obtained from open-loop experimental tests. Then, after connecting the two software, the proportional-integral controller is designed to control the longitudinal speed of the VEHICLE and its parameters are adjusted. Finally, the performance of the designed controller in controlling the VEHICLE speed in the presence of various conditions (road slope, wind blowing, and different velocity reference inputs) is evaluated.